The Internet Guide to OA Insignia. The Internet Guide to Order of the Arrow Insignia is published and maintained by John Pannell, jpannell . DATA COLLECTION METHODS 6. VARIABLES, SOURCES AND. METHODS 6. 2 RECORDING A VARIABLE 6. DATA COLLECTION. METHODSThe choice of method is influenced by the data collection. Links between a variable, its source and practical. Table 6. 1, Table 6. Table 6. 3) can help in. The main data collection methods are. An inexpensive method that is useful. Learn about the most popular and valuable types of vintage sheet music. These are usually simple sheets of handwritten music.More expensive than. Many methods, such as observer programmes, are. Reporting requires literacy and co- operation, but can. In many cases, there is a natural way to collect particular. For example, relatively static variables, like vessel length or. Highly. dynamic variables, like catch or effort, may often be best obtained through. For the same variable, the methods can be different depending. See how the Box Tops for Education program works, how to clip Box Tops and how to earn cash for your child’s school. For example, for a large- scale fishery, catch data would. The sources (fishers. Buyers, processors and other intermediaries are likely to keep their. Small- scale. fishers often do not keep any records, and data acquisition in this case would. Data collection should be conducted at intervals sufficiently. For example, data for stock monitoring have. In general, frequently collected data will probably have to rely on. Less frequent data can use. There are cases when fishery data collection programmes cannot. These cases. include small scale fishing operations in many inland or remote marine areas. Under these circumstances, a number of alternative approaches can be. The Scout Patch Collector's Base Camp is a directory of helpful internet resources for pursuing our hobby of collecting and trading Scout memorabilia. In the hobby of Patch Collecting, you will see many ways of displaying patches. Find our patch protectors, and our plastic page covers here. Protect your investment and order these patch protectors and other collecting resources today! Where possible, data should be. For example, catch data. In almost all cases, many different variables can be collected. For example, length frequency, species composition, average. This. section provides a guide for selecting data collection methods in relation to. Data sources. Harvest: at the level where fish are caught. The most. direct approach to the fishery data (e. This may include middle person, fish auction, cold storage. Market: all situations where fish are commercially. It may include the fish market at landing port, transaction. Consumers: at the level where the products are finally. Government- related agencies: any agencies or institutes. It would. include various agencies outside of fisheries (e. Linkage among variables, sources. The linkage between variables, sources and methods are shown. These tables intend to give some guidance for selecting. The tables. also would give ideas about what types of data can be collected simultaneously. Table 6. 1 The different types of data that can be collected. Numbers in brackets refer to relevant sections in. Main Data Types. Sources. Harvest. Post Harvest. Market(including retails)Consumers. Government related agencies & institutions. Support Industry. Catch (4. 3. 1. 1)Effort (4. Vessel/gear data (4. Operations data (4. Compliance data (4. Biological data (4. Environmental data (4. Market data (4. 3. Costs and earnings data (4. Trade data (4. 3. Fisherfolk data (4. Household data (4. Institutions data (4. Table 6. 2 The different data collection methods that can be. Method/sources. Harvest. Post Harvest. Market. Consumers. Government. Support Industry. Registration (6. 3. Questionnaires (6. Interviews (6. 3. Open- ended (6. 3. Structured (6. 3. Observations (6. 3. Observers (6. 3. 4. Inspectors (6. 3. Scientific research (6. Data logging (6. 3. Reporting (6. 3. 5)Harvest (6. Post harvest (6. 3. Sales (6. 3. 5. 3)Trade (6. Strong. linkage: major relation (source) Secondary linkage. Possible source or secondary validation source. Table 6. 3 The different types of data that can be collected. Registration(6. 3. Questionnaires(6. Interviews(6. 3. 3)Direct Observations(6. Reporting(6. 3. 5)Open- ended(6. Structured(6. 3. 3. Observers(6. 3. 4. Inspectors(6. 3. 4. Scientific research(6. Data logging(6. 3. Harvest(6. 3. 5. 1)Post harvest(6. Sales(6. 3. 5. 3)Trade(6. Complete enumeration. Catch (4. 3. 1. 1)++Effort (4. Vessel/gear data (4. Operations data (4. Compliance data (4. Biological data (4. Environmental data (4. Market data (4. 3. Costs and earnings data (4. Trade data (4. 3. Fisherfolk data (4. Household data (4. Institutions data (4. Sampling. Catch (4. Effort (4. 3. 1. 2)+Vessel/gear data (4. Operations data (4. Compliance data (4. Biological data (4. Environmental data (4. Market data (4. 3. Costs and earnings data (4. Trade data (4. 3. Fisherfolk data (4. Household data (4. Institutions data (4. Strong. linkage: major relation (source) Secondary linkage. Possible source or secondary validation source 6. RECORDING A VARIABLEIt is important to assess the degree of precision required for. This will affect the method of collection, the. For example, catch can be. Total estimated catch can be. Fishers' age can be recorded by year categories or locally. However, there. is little point in requesting a captain to report and record the catch from a. If more precise measurements are required, the catch will have to. Sometimes decisions on the units of measure are complicated by. Data values may need to be represented by. DATA COLLECTION. METHODS 6. Registration 6. 3. Questionnaires 6. Interviews 6. 3. 4 Direct. Reporting 6. 3. 1 Registration. A register is a depository of information on fishing vessels. It can be used to obtain. Registers are implemented when. They may also incorporate information related to fiscal. Although registers are. Registration data types. In most countries, vessels, especially commercial. Data on vessel type, size, gear type, country of. Companies dealing with fisheries agencies are. These companies may not only include fishing. Data, such as the number of vessels, gear type and vessel size. Unlike vessel registers, licences tend to. Because. licences may have to be periodically renewed, they can be a useful way to update. Registry design. A registry must not only capture new records, but be able to. If licences must be renewed each year, data collected. Registry data also contain criteria for the classification of. These classifications are usually based on. In general, vessel registers are complex systems requiring. As such, they. predominantly deal with only certain types and size of fishing units, most often. Small- scale and subsistence. Questionnaires. In contrast with interviews, where an enumerator poses. Questionnaires can be handed out or sent by mail and later collected or. This method can be adopted for the. Questionnaires may be used to collect regular or infrequent. While the information in this. Some of the data often obtained. A questionnaire requires respondents to fill out the form. Where multiple languages. Special care needs to be taken in these cases to ensure accurate. In order to maximise return rates, questionnaires should be. Most importantly, questionnaires should also be as short as possible. If the questionnaire is used for a complete. If, for instance, several agencies require the same data, attempts. The information that can be obtained through questionnaires. For example, catch or landing information. Likewise, socio- economic data can. However, in. all cases variables obtained are an opinion and not a direct measurement, and so. Using direct observations (6. Questionnaires, like interviews, can contain either structured. To facilitate filling out forms and data entry in a structured. In general, writing. In an open- ended format, keywords and other. Interviews. In interviews information is obtained through inquiry and. Structured interviews are performed by using survey. The best attempt to clarify and focus by the. A. small- scale test prior to actual use for data collection will assure better data. Although structured interviews can be used to obtain almost. Data on variables such as catch or effort are potentially subject to. Open- ended interviews. Open- ended interviews cover a variety of data- gathering. Focus groups are small (5- 1. By asking initial questions and structuring the subsequent discussion. Panel surveys involve the random selection of a small. During that period, they. Structured interview. Generally, structured interviews are conducted with a. Forms are filled in by researchers. While this. approach is more expensive, more complicated questions can be asked and data can. Interviews can be. Structured interviews form the basis for much of the data. In an interview approach for sample catch, effort and. Enumerators can be mobile (that is sites are visited on a. Their job is to. sample vessels, obtaining data on landings, effort and prices from all boat/gear. The sample should be. Some additional data related. For these. the interview may cover planned activities as well as activities already. In an interview approach for boat/gear activities, the. Enumerators can be mobile (that is homeports are visited. In either case. their job is to determine the total number of fishing units (and if feasible. There are several ways of recording boat/gear activities. In. many cases, they combine the interview method with direct observations. Direct. observations can be used to identify inactive fishing units by observing those. Often. enumerators will still have to verify that vessels are fishing as opposed to. The pure interview approach can be used in those cases where a. The enumerator's. For sites involving a. This extra information. Experience has shown that. Direct. observations. Observers. Observers can make direct measurements on the fishing vessels. The variables that. The tasks of an. observer are difficult and adequate training and supervision are therefore. Clear decisions need to be made on the nature and extent of. Often, the amount of data and frequency of. Preferably, observers should only collect data, not carry out. This should. help to minimise bias by reducing the incentives to lie. Problems in terms of. This. becomes a necessity for at- sea observers. Their positions on fishing vessels and. The major data obtained through at- sea observers are. At. the same time, the at- sea observers can collect extra biological (fish size. Frequently, discards data can. The main data obtained from observers at landing sites. For the large- scale fishery where a logbook system is used, data collected. Data. collected from processing plants include quantities by species and, especially. These data if collected can be used.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
January 2017
Categories |